BUILDING OF A THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK ON "SCAMS"

                  Building of  A Theoretical Framework On "Scams"
                                                 By Dr. Dharmadasa Tennakoon

POLITICAL SCAMS ARE RISING IN THE THIRD WORLD WHICH THREAT TO THE SMOOTH STRETCH OF TRANSFORMATION OF ECONOMIES TOWARDS AN ENOUGH STRENGTH OF INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION. POLITICAL SCAMS CREATE ALLEGATIONS PRETENDING AS THEY ARE TRUE  AND THEY ATTEMPT TO STRETCH OVER MEDIA AND ON JOURNALS AND PAPERS FOR LONG PERIOD  WITH HIDDEN GOALS TO STOP AND DELAY GOVERNMENT ACTIVATION FOR INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION FOR DEVELOPMENT.  THE JOURNALS AND OTHER MEDIAS TO MISGUIDE PUBLIC.

THEORY OF POLITICAL SCAMS

                                             Dr. DharmadasaTennakoon

1.ABSTRACT

     I attending to work on collecting information and facts to formulate theoretical approach to identify the systems associated with the process of “SCAM” or “SCAMING”, or “SCAMISM” to establish a set of knowledge to analyze under the lines of “THEORY OF SCAMS”,   “THEORY of POLOTICAL SCAMS”.  The word of “scam” is derived from the word of ‘scamp”, which gives a sound and profound meaning of ‘scoundrel”, or “trickery” or “swindler”.   The word “scam” gives wide and deep meaning to grasp the criminal and fraudulent activities in broad terms of social and politics.  The word “scam” means a variety of actions of frauds, cybercrimes, social crimes, i.e. cheating, rob and steal, coup-trickery, criminal gossips, etc.  The Scams Crimes can be put in to two main categories:  1. Social Scams, and 2. Political Scams.

     The Scammers proceed with offensive and anti-social actions with “false transcripts” of false and fake documents and correspondence, regardless they may be of persons or of institutions, or may be para legal organization experts of preparation of false legal documents to swindle money or property, to make social family problems, to debase the persons’ or community dignity and the character, and most offensively to attack on Governments, political parties, parliamentarians, and the ‘Higher Rank Executive Officialdom”.

    A special category of scammers are arising in third world countries, mostly with leftist political wings to disable all the democratic governance and the democratic organizations for transforming the economy.  This scam action is under my studies, and this action interlinks with the anti-government politics, and, I have name this offence as “POLITICAL SCAM”.

    “The scammers highly use internets, electronic communication, media propaganda, journals, posters, public meetings, premises of education, and higher education, and students’ organizations, and even premises of parliament to give high voice and publicity to these scams, made of false information, gossips and false correspondence and transcripts”.

2. CATEGORIES OF SCAMS

   The Scams Crimes can be put in to two main categories:  1. Social Scams, and 2. Political Scams.  The Scammers proceed with offensive and anti-social actions with “false transcripts” of false and fake documents and correspondence, regardless they may be of persons or of institutions, or may be para legal organizational experts of preparation of false legal documents to swindle money or property, to make social family problems, to debase the persons’ or community dignity and the character, and most offensively to attack on Governments, political parties, parliamentarians, and the ‘Higher Rank Executive Officialdom”.

2.1  Social Scams

    The under current ideology of social scams is undergone with broad aspects of evil actions of man.  The activity of social scams has many facets.  The social scams can be subdivided in to four sub categories:

i.Offensive Fraudulent Legal Actions/Scams

    Lenard Woolf, in the first quarter of 20^th century has reported an example of “social scams”, in his book on “Village in the Jungle”.  According to Woolf, a person named “Arachchi” or village headman, and his friend “kamburupitiyeMudalali” were dominating the village affairs, though all villagers were relatives descending from one clan.  Mudalali was attemting to make affairs with Babun’s wife, but babun was a barrier for that.  Mudalali and Arachchi discussed on this matter, and agreed to make a trap to detach Babun from village.  In night they hid the Mudalali’s wooden box with his properties in a tiny shrub in the backyard of Babun’s house.  Next day morning they were searching the box, and they found the box in the shrub closed to backyard of Babun’s house.   Arachchi declared his suspicionthat Babun has stolen the box of Mudalali, and Arachchi as village headman proceeded Babun before the court with false and fake documents;Thecourt punished him, imprisoned for a year.  Inoffensive Babun was punished by a scam activity.

ii. Cyber Scams

   Individuals attempt cyber scams using internets and other electronic media.  This type of social scams are involved with cybercrimes with underlined hopes to attend, monetary frauds and defraud actions.

iii. Swindling Actions/Scams

   The undercurrent objective of this type of social scams is to monetary frauds and property frauds, with articulated transcripts and documents prepared to convince the clients to complete the scam.  This type of scammers use internet and other electronic media to communicate with clients/victims.  Many scammers appear themselves as lawyers, Bank managers, ministry officials, UN officials, managers of charity organizations, philanthropist, etc.  It is believed that some scammers of this category are of organized terrorist movements, those who are involved in fund raising for their political movements.  It is believed that some countries in the Third World encourage (politicians or officials) this type of scam activity, because thereby they receive foreign exchange to their countries.

iv. Defraud Actions/Scams

     This type of social scams are involved in fraud actions with deception and trickery intended to defraud, to take or withhold something by cheating wrongfully from persons or from community.  THIS SCAM ACTIONS are involved in transferring or acquisition of properties of absentee property owners or dead persons with false and fake documents.

All these scams are crimes, and are serious offence against morality and commission of act through an inviolating of the law.

2.2 Political Scams

     The notion of political scams is the main scope of articulation of present article. “Political scams are the scams attempted by political powers and political representative power to swindle money or property, or fraud or defraud actions by political powers or political representative powerbacked up by media strength, to create false and fraudulent allegations to agitate against to politicians, higher executive, or against to government policies to confuse and interrupt the Governance”.   The Political Scams are twofold:

i.Defraud Political Scams

     This is also a political action of defraud attended to take or withhold something by wrongfully or by cheating.  This type of political scams are well known both in Developed Countries and Third world Countries.

ii. Interruptive and Violent Political Scams

      This type of scams are widely seen in the Third world countries, but the scope of this scam attempts are not properly conceptualized.  The Interruptive and Violent Political scams are “the scams with political representative power to make coups with full of fraud actions with deception or trickery intended to articulate defrauds, to take or withhold something, specially, false and violent arguments, ideas, allegations, agitations, and crime attempts, formed and articulated by cheating or wrongfully to debase the personal characters and to create interruptions to the democratic governments”.  Since theyproceed with false transcripts, correspondence, and falsely formulated evidence, it is a crime, serious offence against morality and commission of act undergone with an inviolating of law.

     We have seen since 1994 and onwards, much political scams were articulated with serious accusations against to politicians, specially before the Presidential elections and General elections.  The Political Scammers, at that time prepared false transcript, website messages, false videos, to pollute characters of some politicians, andpointing at them voiced that they are betrayers of the country; they have links with Tamil Tigers. Sometimes scammers study the “Horoscope” of candidates and analyze it and forecast that according to that horoscope that candidate has much unfortunes, and he will be defeated.  The ‘Horoscope’ is a very personal thing, and intrude into that and express scams is a crime, because these scammers violate the human rights.  I have doubt about the Central Bank debenture crisis, I suspect it is manmade scam against to then Governor of Central Bank, as he is being a Tamil person, and well known economist in international cooperation.  The Governor of Central Bank in Sri Lanka has power to attend at decisions at discretion, being a Governor.

All these scams are fraud-deception and trickery acts for defraud, handling of falsely articulated matters by cheating and wrongfully, attending to a crime-serious offence against morality, and commission of act inviolating of the law, against to human rights.

3. A BROAD ANALYSIS OF SCAMS

Nature of Scam Frauds

   The persons involved in scam criminals are a category of berserkers involved in social evils and political evils, swindling money and property, making community unrest, ritual breaks, and debase persons’ dignity and image.  The political berserkers are more violent in political matters interconnected with their scam efforts.

Designing of scams with fraudulent correspondence, legendary gossips, web of allegations are done carefully to give ample results to debase personal characters of eminent politicians or political parties, and the most peculiar character is these cases are amplified through media, through news lines, voice cuts of opposite politicians, through correspondents of civil societies or any other public organizations.  The voice of angry political leaders and activists are widening and grow to a state of well-established to beat focused political leaders, the accused news become widely popular among the public.  In the most cases, these things are being operating against to the dominant politicians of the executive sector of the Government.

    

         The “Thespians” of the political actors are screened over the media to demonstrate the rivals of theorems of “capitalist” and “Socialist”.  The “Socialists” who declare themselves as activist against to the “Capitalist organization of the Economy”, and they themselves appear as “Leftist”, and many parties join in a “Coalition”, they say that is “leftist coalition” but inside content making struggle each other for leadership, actually they are not “Leftists”, they misuse the word Leftist to misguide public to make much unrest in the political spectrum.   They make struggles and stay with pine hopes to see public dislike to historical political parties and party leaders.  Theyare expecting public aggression against to that parties.  Their pinpoint arguments are out of date and against wide international cooperation in the new millennium.   They may be “pinch-hitters” of the world wide organized “Socialist Political Organizations”.   They pine for, and pine only the public unrest and chaos to the existing political arena.  Their mission, as seen in the all third world countries, is to pinch and pillory to the conventional democratic rule.

4. SRUGGLE BETWEEN “CAPITALISTS” AND “ SOCIALISTS”  OR “  LEFTISTS”

            “LEFTISTS/SOCIALISTS AND UNDERDEVELOPMENT”

In Sri Lankan political context, there is no much difference in practically adoption of policies between these wings, but so called capitalist wings believe international cooperation with developed economies is necessary to make economic development, although they are adopt policies to maintain public welfare and to assure the public access to basic needs, i.e, education, health, housing, transport, communication, food security, water supply, poor relief programmes, and allocate huge funds for these sectors.  The socialist also accept this policy, but only thing they say is That “the funds allocated are not enough”.   But, leftists or socialistsonly open their mouth shamefully to voice;  “we don’t like to maintain political or economic relations with ‘western regimes”, they are “capitalist”; specially “Americans and British” are imperialists”, they attempting to catch us under ‘neo-imperialism”.  These nonsense of ‘Socialist Parties’ in Sri Lanka and their anti-government movements have controlled the rapid economic, social and political transformation in Sri Lanka since independence in 1948 to up to date.  

   S.W.R.D. Bandaranayale’s government, came in to power in 1956 implemented ‘Import Substitution Programme”, to develop industries to produce goods which we imported in heavy bulks.  The leftist parties organized strikes through their trade unions to sabotage the progress of industrialization, thus Bandaranayake could implement only one third of his development plan.  President J.R. Jayawardane, formulated a mixed economic path (in between open economy and closed economy), and his economic plan anticipated to develop industrial sector to change the labour force employment as 70% of the labour force to employ in industries and services.  A heavy protesting campaigns were launched together with leftists, revolutionaries, separatists; and Sri Lanka Freedom Party gave full back up to leftists and tiger separatists to destroy the economic development path.SLFP maintained very strong, and closed relationship with indirect or “Direct” Indian political movements with pinch hope to change the J.R. /UNP Government.

     The leftist began to launch their protests with their foreign advocates, and helps of organized capitalists those who handled the import business in Sri Lanka.  The leftists/socialist focused their strategies to enforce worldwide propaganda to show that, “Sri Lanka is not a Good Place for Foreigners to invest for Profit”: there has been big competition between, eastern and south-east Asian countries for industrialization and foreign cooperation in investment, and our leftists/socialists might have received funds from millionaires in Singapore, Korea, Hongkong, India, Malaysia, and so on, to make environments in Sri Lanka to discourage the potential foreign investors, so that foreign investors could have been attracted by other countries.

5.THEORETIC  PRESENTATION FOR ANALYSIS

      Theorizing the notion of political scamism with cavils, allegations and sabotage movements against to the democratic realm needs more information on functional strategies of such political scammers, specially, revolutionary leftist organizations.  The leftist organizations and aligned media work for money can be more vigilant of issues in questions to make fraud scam allegations or to rise communal unrest.  They are very keen to formulate social actions to neuter the power of democracy, reputation or power of any political wing, or dominating politicians.   Their main aim is to dismantle the economic progress, and to increase poverty, and there bysocial unrest, and such disasters have been widely focused by scamism.  The vicious political craftsmanship and skills  are widely developed by revolutionary leftist wings and other general politicians and activists, some of them could be from the well trained in the revolutionary movements in the past.

  Anti-government leftists are not crackpots, as general public conceptualize them.  Anti-government minority population those who voted to leftist strongly believe that they are not crackpots, they are with concrete and progressive , and constructive and they should control the economic progress with sabotage actions and trade union destructive protests.  They attempt in an every manner to hypothecate the issues and contents of their scamism.  They play every thespians to convince the public, civil organizations and to media hands to stretch over  enough publicity to their accusative events over, news papers, jounals, televisions, social websites and in the systems of person to person communication.

Hypotheses are built to test, uncover, and discover information and data on a social notion which needs to be presented in a theoretical manner.  The scam scandals formulated by political scammers are not existing in real world.  We need to develop possible means to grasp the hypothetically made reports of corruptions, and mentally and suspiciously formulated fraud evidence.  We have found some cases are not true.  It is universally true that such allegations based on political corruptions are not existing, but that anti-political gangs use media cover, and that media cover may be more powerful to show you  that allegations and there evidences are existing in the real world.  To build hypothetic framework, we need enough data to go forward with it.  It is the fact that, we need more detailed reports of such false/fake accusations against to executive of the Government or to eminent politicians to conceptualize our main “scope of scamism”, specially, “the political scamism”.  I have confidence that, there are enough data and information of such incidents for one to deal with, and to study the interlined theoretical issues and legacies to develop AND COMPRESS THE KNOWLEDGE TO new theory of “POLITICAL SCAMISM”.

6.JANATHA PARAMADHIPATHYA (SOUVERINITY OF PEOPLE)

   We all in Sri Lanka have responsibility to secure “Democracy”.  Sovereignity of people rest in people, and majority of people establish the mechanism of governance, and the role of the people of petty minority should be framed under the law and regulations, and any action taken by organized minority breaking laws and regulations is considered as “terrorism”, which leads to “revolution”.  Our all actions should be under the lines of existential ‘democracy”.   The “political scamism” is completely against to the “existentialism”, democracy, human ethics and rules.  The political scamism could stretch over and hides with some parliamentarians, with their parliamentary privileges which gives uncontrolled aggressive and uncommon expressions, and publicly, more arrogantly with news cuts to media.  To reinforce the peoples’ sovereignity, and secure the fundamental human rights, some privileges of parliamentarians have to be reformulated. 

    The privileges of the parliamentarians cannot be exist against to the law and order, and against to the regulations of the country.  Public in Sri Lanka have observed actions of some particular  parliamentarians and other local leaders are fearsome in nature, and nearly offensive, and these incidences are giving bad impression against to the peace and order of the State, and also give negative impression on government to the public.  Law should be executed against to law breakers.  The leftist gangs express themselves as “wizards” of economic and social transformation, and wait until come in to power to play the drama.  Wonky civil organizations and some sectors of public, may be based on caste, or “southern regionalism”, adhered with “Nationalism” to make much chaos to debase to a state of “Disintegrated Nation”.

The mechanism of “political Scams” is involved with the use of human-tools in “web-formation” in order to use means of traduce to debilitate with “traduce formation” upon government executive machinery or treasury transactions, syncretizing the false legendary and gossip information on any executive activity. In this process, they attempt to create a legal path to intrude in to the important and decisive key authorities of the government, and to confuse the system, and again and again to collect irrelevant information, and to distort them, and to generate gossip news, which could be more popular issues to media hands.

      I refresh on the current issues and incidents that are signs of the time to hypotheticate the new “Paradigms” of the ‘scanism”.  It signifies the importance of knowledge to follow-up and to catch-up the origins of the non-reliable some allegations, as that the facts of such allegations are not existing.  Many political scammers are parasites of foreign political movements.  The individuals or organizations involved in political scams could be from some leftist wings or leftist aligned civil organizations.  The scammers’ arguments are with full of paradoxical issues.  We have considerable legal base to conceptualize, interpret, and identify scam frauds, and to take legal actions.

    The passive resistance of leftists to new development concepts and visions, and plans of international co-operations of many developing countries are on the rise, but some developing countries could have successfully tackled such resistance.  The governments’ spiritual courage should not be weakened with these types of pity protests and routine passive resistance.

      The political scammers are political sceptics and they follow the act of “sceptism”. They attempt to  invade the government authorities, Boards, Corporations, and so on, and collect facts and hints of decisions, and transactions to formulate “scams” on skeptical issues, pretending they have true facts and evidence to prove the “Scam”, only thing they need is to give higher voice over media to these formulated false incidences, which are not existing.  Are political scammers attending to criminal offence? In the world wide scams many scammers are introduce themselves as, lawyers, bank managers, UNO officials, NGO representatives, donor agency officials, and the like, and their act are completely ‘criminal”.  We need the law experts involvement to justify the activities of “Political Scams”.  In many developing countries, political scammers are leftists, revolts and ‘Terrorists”.

“UNDAUNTED AND GENUINE REPRESENTATION AND PARTICIPATION OF MINISTERS IN THE CABINET OF MINISTERS OF THE PRESENT “COALITION GOVERNMENT” IN SRI LANKA IS NECESSARY FOR RAPID ECONOMIC TRANSFORMATION AND PROGRESS TO TACKLE THE ECONOMIC BACKWARD SITUATION IN THE COUNTRY”. “ People in Sri Lanka know that some SLFP ministers receive benefits and privileges being ministers, but don’t think about the future country, they are worse than the leftists with passive resistance to change”. (D.Tennakoon).

If I could receive comments from audience, it will be more useful for me to develop this theory.

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                                             DR. DHARMADASA TENNAKOON
                                                     [B.A; PG DIPLOMA; M.A; Ph.D]
                                                                               SOCIAL SCIENTIST
                                [EX. SENIOR RESEARCH FELLOW AT HARTI, COLOMBO, SRI LANKA]    


ADDRESS: 27/6 MENIK WATTA, KALALGODA, PANNIPITIYA, SRI LANKA
                                                                                                                    
                                                  EMAIL: dingiri50@gmail.com           Teleohone: +94 72 865 8467
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I HAVE COVERED MY HIGHER EDUCATION IN SEVERAL FIELDS OF SOCIAL SCIENCES

*B.A. in Geography, [second class honours], University of Ceylon, 1972;
*Post Graduate Diploma in "Land Settlement and Development", University of Colombo, Sri Lanka, 1977;
*Field Certificate on "Jordan River Valley Development Project", University of Jordan,  Jordan, 1986;
* M.A. in Rural Social Development, University of Reading, U.K ,1987;
*Certificate of "Social Science Research Methodology", University of Peradeniya, Sri lanka, 1980;
*Ph.D. in Development Studies,  Deakin University, Australia, 1996;

I have published a book on " Dimensions of Rural Poverty In Sri Lanka", HARTI, Colombo, Sri Lanka, 2000.

At present, I am reading on several fields i.e., Freedom/Liberty, Profiles of Poverty among working class people, Folklore in Sri Lanka, Peace and Order, and Interlinks of Economic Development and Social Change in Developing Countries.

I expect comments of readers of my articles, your kind cooperation may improve the quality of my writing.

Thanks

Dr. Dharmadasa tennakoon

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